Performance Enhancement of Three-Port EV On-Board Chargers through Partial Power Processing and SMC

Abstract

Electric vehicle (EV) on-board charging solutions that are small, efficient, and fast are in great demand due to the accelerated adoption of EVs. In order to provide dependable and efficient on-board rapid charging for electric vehicles, this study introduces a new design for partial power converters that incorporates Sliding Mode Control (SMC) into three ports. An additional energy storage device, such a secondary battery or supercapacitor, and the vehicle's battery may all transmit power to and from the grid at the same time under the suggested architecture, allowing for better energy management and dynamic power sharing. Total power losses are decreased, conversion efficiency is increased, and passive components may be downsized thanks to the system's use of a partial power processing technique. By providing better voltage regulation and rapid transient response than traditional control approaches such as PI or PWM-based schemes, the Sliding Mode Control technology guarantees resilient performance under parameter fluctuations and load disturbances. Verified by simulations, the suggested method works as intended, with improved power conversion efficiency and steady charging performance under varying loads. Because it combines small size, high efficiency, and intelligent management, this design suggests that next-generation electric vehicle on-board chargers will be available.