IoT-Based Energy Sharing Network for Off-Grid Villages

Abstract

Access to reliable electricity remains a significant challenge in many off-grid rural areas, often leading to underutilization of locally generated renewable energy. This paper proposes a decentralized, Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled energy sharing system designed to facilitate electricity redistribution between homes in remote villages. Utilizing Arduino microcontrollers, current and voltage sensors, and wireless communication modules, the system identifies surplus energy in one home and transfers it to another experiencing a deficit. The design is rooted in basic electrical engineering principles, making it affordable and accessible. Real-time data monitoring and relay-based switching ensure smart distribution with minimal losses. The proposed system directly supports Sustainable Development Goal 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) and Sustainable Development Goal 10 (Reduced Inequalities).