Integration of CNC Plotting with Image Processing for Automated Drawing

Abstract

This project reports the development of a compact and modular mini-CNC writing/plotting machine which is for hobbyists and undergraduate students. The machine uses an Arduino microcontroller which we loaded with GRBL firmware for control of the stepper motors along the X and Y axes. For the Z axis we used a simple pen/laser/tool mount. To make the workflow easy we integrated Inkscape for design and used its G-code extension to put together tool paths which we in turn ran through a custom-made GUI for better control. This interface also allows users to see the plotting path and operate the machine without the need to write or to have an in-depth knowledge of G-code. In our design we present a modular approach which is a key feature. We have designed the mechanical frame and electronic components to be very flexible and easy to reconfigure at will. This modularity does not only make the assembly and maintenance of the system a simple task but also presents us with opportunities for improvement in the future like adding more axes or we can replace parts of the system without a full repair at the drawing board. Our aim was to present CNC plotting technology to the masses in an affordable way. We used common elements like Arduino, stepper motors and open-source software which in turn kept the prices down without compromising on performance.