Assessment of Hazards in Pre-engineered Building Erection Using Telescopic Crane

Abstract

The pre-engineered building (PEB) erection process, particularly when utilizing a telescopic crane, is a complex and high-risk operation within the construction industry. Workers involved in this activity are frequently exposed to severe safety hazards due to factors such as working at height, handling heavy loads, intricate lifting operations, and the inherent instability associated with large structures under assembly. This study aims to assess and categorize the safety hazards and their associated risks during the erection of PEBs using a telescopic crane. A cross-sectional study was conducted using direct site observations, worker interviews, safety document analysis, and established construction safety assessment methods, including Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (HIRA) techniques. The findings revealed that a significant proportion of risks were associated with crane stability and operation, fall hazards from unprotected edges, improper rigging procedures, and environmental factors (e.g., wind speed). Specifically, critical hazards identified included crane overloading, collision with overhead power lines, structural member instability during lifting, and inadequate personal fall protection systems. High-risk activities indicated that immediate safety interventions and stricter adherence to protocol were required. Factors such as lack of proper ground bearing capacity assessment, insufficient communication among the lift team, and untrained riggers were found to significantly contribute to the identified risks. Based on the results, safety recommendations were proposed, including developing a detailed Lift Plan, ensuring regular crane inspection and maintenance, mandatory use of fullbody harnesses with secure anchor points, implementing pre-task safety briefings (Toolbox Talks), and providing comprehensive training for all personnel involved in crane operation and rigging. Implementing these improvements can significantly reduce the likelihood of catastrophic accidents, enhance worker safety compliance, and promote a robust occupational health and safety culture in PEB construction sites. The study emphasizes the critical need for a proactive, systematic approach to hazard management to ensure the sustainable and safe execution of PEB erection projects. Keywords: Construction Safety, Pre-Engineered Building (PEB), Telescopic Crane, Hazard Assessment, Risk Assessment (HIRA), Working at Height, Lifting Operation, Occupational Safety.