IoT-Based Real-Time Fall Detection and Pulse Monitoring Alert System for Healthcare Applications

Abstract

As the need for remote healthcare monitoring increases, especially among elderly individuals and patients with chronic diseases, intelligent systems capable of detecting emergencies in real time have become essential. Existing IoT-based health monitoring systems often suffer from limitations such as high false alarm rates, limited processing capabilities, and reliance on single-sensor data. This project proposes an IoT-based real-time fall detection and pulse monitoring alert system designed for healthcare applications. The system consists of a Pulse Monitoring Alert System (PMAS) that continuously monitors heart rate using a pulse sensor connected to an ESP32 microcontroller, and a Wearable Hand-Band Fall Detection System (WHB-FDS) that detects falls using a gyroscope sensor. The ESP32 processes sensor data and transmits it to a monitoring platform where sudden changes in movement and abnormal heart rate values are analyzed. When the system detects a fall or abnormal heart rate, it immediately sends alerts through SMS or other communication channels to caregivers or medical personnel. By combining physiological monitoring with motion detection, the proposed system improves reliability and reduces false alarms compared to traditional systems. The system provides a scalable, cost-effective solution for smart healthcare environments and enhances emergency response time for elderly or vulnerable individuals