Analyzing The Use of Blockchain in E – Voting Systems

Abstract

Modernization of electoral systems is essential as digital platforms increasingly replace traditional processes. This paper presents a secure blockchain-based e-voting system implemented using Ethereum smart contracts to address transparency, trust, and tamper-resistance concerns. A commit–reveal voting protocol preserves ballot secrecy by concealing voter choices during the voting phase, while a Merkle tree–based whitelist authenticates eligible voters efficiently without storing identities on-chain. Each voter casts exactly one vote using a unique blockchain address, enforced through smart-contract logic. The system ensures immutability, integrity, and verifiability of election results and was implemented and tested using the Ganache Ethereum local blockchain and MetaMask, demonstrating a scalable and privacy-preserving e-voting solution suitable for real-world deployment.